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From BBM to Threema: How messaging apps and VPNs fuel terror networks in Jammu and Kashmir
Officials say Lashkar-e-Taiba operatives used a range of messaging apps, including BBM, Element, Threema and Dust, along with major platforms, to coordinate in Jammu and Kashmir. A Srinagar police operation in April 2026 led to arrests, with the case later handed to the NIA; authorities note the use of VPNs to access such apps. The piece also traces BBM’s history in India and the 2023 bans on several messaging apps linked to security concerns.
Why It Matters
The report highlights how encrypted and disappearing messaging apps, combined with VPNs, can complicate surveillance and investigations in conflict regions.
Timeline
11 Events
Plan to track BBM Enterprise accounts
May 10, 2026
Investigators planned to track owners of BBM Enterprise accounts allegedly used by terrorists and to approach the service provider about the matter.
Abu Hureira’s statements on apps used
April 2026
During questioning, Abu Hureira reportedly said he and his associates had used multiple messaging applications—BBM, Element, Threema and Dust—along with WhatsApp, Telegram, Skype and Signal.
NIA takes over investigation
April 2026
Due to interstate and international dimensions, the case was taken over for further investigation by the National Investigation Agency (NIA).
LeT module busted; arrests in Srinagar
April 2026
Srinagar Police busted a Lashkar-e-Taiba module tasked with establishing bases outside Jammu and Kashmir, arresting Abdullah alias Abu Hureira of Kasur, Pakistan, along with another Pakistani operative Mohammed Usman Jatt and several overground workers in Kashmir.
Dust under scrutiny for disappearing messages
May 2023
Dust (formerly Cyber Dust), which focuses on messages disappearing within 24 hours or immediately after being read, has come under increased scrutiny for hindering real-time intelligence gathering.
Element removal linked to surveillance concerns
May 2023
Element's removal was linked to concerns that terror modules in Jammu and Kashmir were using it to evade conventional surveillance.
Centre bans 14 messaging apps (incl. Element)
May 2023
In May 2023, the Centre banned 14 messaging applications on the MHA's recommendation, including Element, a Matrix-based platform.
BBM shifts to BBM Enterprise
2019
In 2019, BBM ceased free services and moved to BBM Enterprise, a paid version aimed at corporate users.
BBM servers installed (phase 2)
2012
The BBM server installation in India was completed between 2011 and 2012, enabling government access.
BBM servers installed (phase 1)
2011
BBM servers were installed in India between 2011 and 2012 to provide access to security agencies.
BBM first came under the scanner
2009
BBM first came under the scanner of investigative agencies in 2009, when the government threatened to ban its use unless its owner set up servers in India to provide access to security agencies.